How to use the Battery Calendar Aging Calculator
The Formula
Li-ion cells degrade electrochemically even at zero cycles—SEI growth, electrolyte oxidation, and electrode interactions continue. Heat and high state-of-charge accelerate side reactions. That is calendar aging, distinct from cycle (throughput) aging.
Practical Example
Baseline ~2%/year fade at 25 °C and 50% SOC. Rate scales ~2× per 10 °C above 25 °C and rises sharply when average SOC stays above 80–100%. Planning estimate only—chemistries (LFP vs. NMC) and BMS differ.