Phantom load formula
Annual kWh = (watts × device count × 24 × 365) ÷ 1,000. Smart strips and unplugging idle chargers cut this waste.
Find standby watts
Use a plug meter on each device, or assume 3–8 W for entertainment gear and 1–2 W for phone chargers.
Frequently asked questions
Q: Does off mean zero? A: Many devices still draw standby—true zero often requires unplugging. Q: Is 5 W realistic? A: It's a mid-range estimate; measure yours for accuracy.