R-value is the knob most insulation upgrades turn. Hold area and ΔT fixed, sweep R from code minimum to deep retrofit, and estimate heat loss for each scenario before you approve blown-in, batts, or exterior foam.
Benefits
- Shows inverse relationship: heat loss ∝ 1/R for a given area and ΔT.
- Compare R-13 vs. R-21 vs. R-30 on the same wall area in minutes.
- Outputs BTU/hr and watts so HVAC and electric heat sizing stay aligned.
How it works
- Fix envelope area (sq ft) and design ΔT for your climate and setpoint.
- Enter current assembly R-value; note BTU/hr and kW heat loss.
- Rerun with target R after upgrade—delta BTU/hr is conductive savings for that segment.
FAQ
How does R-value affect heat loss?
For the same area and ΔT, BTU/hr = (area × ΔT) ÷ R. Doubling R halves heat loss through that assembly. Example: 500 sq ft, ΔT 50 °F, R-10 → 2,500 BTU/hr; at R-20 → 1,250 BTU/hr.
What R-value should I use for estimating heat loss?
Use the whole-assembly R, not cavity insulation alone—sheathing, air films, and siding count. Attic: measure depth and material (e.g. R-38 batts). Walls: check energy audit or borescope; older homes may be R-11 or less while code new build exceeds R-20 in many zones.
Can I estimate whole-house savings from one R upgrade?
Only for that surface’s share of loss. Attic R jumps help most when the attic was the weak link; wall foam helps when walls dominated. Estimate heat loss by R for each plane, sum before and after, then pair with home insulation savings for annual kWh impact.
Technical specifications
- BTU/hr = (area_sq_ft × ΔT_°F) ÷ R.
- Δ loss when R changes: BTU_before − BTU_after at same area, ΔT.
- U = 1/R (conductance); lower U means less heat flow.
- Related: home-insulation-savings, heat-loss-calculation-calculator, heater-cost.
Sweep R before you buy insulation
Quotes list inches and R per inch; your question is BTU/hr at the thermostat. Fix area and ΔT, slide R from today’s value to the bid spec, and read the drop. A $3k attic job that removes 1,200 BTU/hr matters more than marginal wall foam when the attic was R-19 and the design call was R-49.
R is not the whole envelope
Thermal bridging, windows, and infiltration bypass rated R in cavities. Estimating heat loss by R-value for opaque walls and ceilings is still the right first step—then add window U-factors and air leakage separately. Underestimating R on one bay skews the whole before/after story.